Kugenzura Ubuziranenge bw'abayobora umuringa mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi

1. Intangiriro

Umuringa nicyuma gikoreshwa cyane mumigozi yamashanyarazi kubera ubwiza bwacyo, kuramba, no kurwanya ruswa. Ariko, ntabwo abayobora umuringa bose badafite ireme. Bamwe mubakora ibicuruzwa barashobora gukoresha umuringa wo hasi-cyangwa bakabivanga nibindi byuma kugirango bagabanye ibiciro, bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yumutekano numutekano.

Kugenzura isuku yumuringa wumuringa ningirakamaro kugirango habeho gukora amashanyarazi yizewe, gukoresha ingufu, no kuramba. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzaganirakuki kugenzura ari ngombwa, uburyo bwo gupima ubuziranenge bwumuringa, amahame mpuzamahanga, ibigo bishinzwe gupima abandi bantu, kandi niba bishoboka kumenya ubuziranenge n'amaso.

2. Kuki Kugenzura Umuringa Wera ari ngombwa?

2.1 Amashanyarazi & Imikorere

Umuringa usukuye (99,9% ubuziranenge cyangwa hejuru) ufiteamashanyarazi menshi, kwemeza gutakaza ingufu nkeya no gukwirakwiza ingufu neza. Umuringa utanduye cyangwa umuringa urashobora guterabirwanya cyane, gushyuha, no kongera ingufu zingufu.

2.2 Umutekano & Ibyago byumuriro

Abayobora umuringa wanduye barashobora kuganishaubushyuhe bukabije, byongera ibyago byaumuriro w'amashanyarazi. Ibikoresho birwanya cyane bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi munsi yumutwaro, bigatuma bikundakunanirwa gukingirwa hamwe ninzira ngufi.

2.3 Kuramba & Kurwanya ruswa

Umuringa wo mu rwego rwo hasi urashobora kuba urimo umwanda wihutaokiside hamwe na ruswa, kugabanya umugozi wigihe cyo kubaho. Ibi nibibazo byumwihariko mubushuhe cyangwa inganda aho insinga zigomba kuguma igihe kirekire mumyaka myinshi.

2.4 Kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga

Umugozi w'amashanyarazi ugomba kubahiriza bikomeyeumutekano n’amabwiriza mezakugurishwa byemewe n'amategeko no gukoreshwa. Gukoresha umuringa muto-wumuringa urashobora kuvamokutubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga, biganisha kubibazo byamategeko nibibazo bya garanti.

3. Nigute dushobora kugenzura ubuziranenge bwabayobora umuringa?

Kugenzura uburinganire bwumuringa burimo byombikwipimisha imiti no kumubiriukoresheje tekinoroji yihariye.

3.1 Uburyo bwo gupima Laboratoire

(1) Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES)

• Koresha ingufu nyinshi cyanegusesengura ibigize imitiy'umuringa.
• Itangaibisubizo byihuse kandi nyabyokugirango umenye umwanda nkicyuma, isasu, cyangwa zinc.
• Bikunze gukoreshwa muri laboratoire yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwinganda.

(2) X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy

• GukoreshaX-imirasire kugirango tumenye ibice bigizeby'icyitegererezo cy'umuringa.
• Ikizamini kidasenyaibyo bitangabyihuse kandi nezaibisubizo.
• Bikunze gukoreshwa kurikwipimisha kurubuga no kugenzura.

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• Ikizamini cya laboratoire nezairashobora gutahura mbere imyanda.
• Irasaba gutegura icyitegererezo ariko itangaisesengura rirambuye.

(4) Ubucucike & Kwipimisha

• Umuringa usukuye ufite aubucucike bwa 8,96 g / cm³na aubwikorezi bwa 58 MS / m (kuri 20 ° C).
• Gupima ubucucike nubushobozi birashobora kwerekana niba umuringa warabayebivanze n'ibindi byuma.

(5) Kwipimisha no Kwipimisha

• Umuringa usukuye ufite akwihanganira byihariye bya 1,68 μΩ · cmkuri 20 ° C.
• Kurwanya cyane birerekanahasi yera cyangwa kuba hari umwanda.

3.2 Uburyo bwo Kugenzura no Kugaragara

Mugihe ibizamini bya laboratoire aribwo buryo bwizewe, bumweubugenzuzi bwibanzeirashobora gufasha gutahura abayobora umuringa wanduye.

(1) Kugenzura amabara

• Umuringa usukuye ufite aibara ry'umutuku-orangehamwe nicyuma cyiza.
• Umuringa utanduye cyangwa umuringa urashobora kugaragarayijimye, umuhondo, cyangwa imvi.

(2) Ikizamini cyoroshye & Ductility Test

• Umuringa usukuye uroroshye guhindukakandi irashobora kugororwa inshuro nyinshi utavunitse.
• Umuringa ufite isuku nke urenzekandi irashobora gucika cyangwa gufata mugihe uhangayitse.

(3) Kugereranya ibiro

• Kubera ko umuringa ari aicyuma cyinshi (8,96 g / cm³), insinga zifite umuringa wanduye (zivanze na aluminium cyangwa ibindi bikoresho) zishobora kumvayoroshye kuruta uko byari byitezwe.

(4) Kurangiza Ubuso

• Abayobora umuringa mwinshi cyane bafite ahejuru kandi neza.
• Umuringa wo hasi urashobora kwerekanaububi, gutobora, cyangwa imiterere idahwanye.

⚠️ Ariko, kugenzura amashusho byonyine ntabwo bihagijekwemeza umuringa - bigomba guhora bishyigikiwe no gupima laboratoire.

4. Ibipimo Mpuzamahanga byo Kugenzura Umuringa

Kugirango ubuziranenge, umuringa ukoreshwa mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi ugomba kubahiriza mpuzamahangaibipimo byera.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza ko umuringa ukoreshwa mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi wujujeimikorere-yo hejuru n'ibisabwa umutekano.

5. Ibice bitatu-bishinzwe ibizamini byo kugenzura umuringa

Amashyirahamwe menshi yigenga yipimisha yihariyekugenzura ubuziranenge bwa kabili hamwe nisesengura ryumuringa.

Inzego zemeza ibyemezo ku isi

✅UL (Laboratoire Yandika) - Amerika

• Ikizamini kandi cyemeza insinga z'amashanyarazi kuriumutekano no kubahiriza.

✅TÜV Rheinland - Ubudage

• Imyitwarireisesengura ryiza nubuziranengekubayobora umuringa.

✅SGS (Société Générale de Surveillance) - Ubusuwisi

• Amaturokwipimisha muri laboratoirekubikoresho byumuringa.

✅Intertek - Isi yose

• Itangaigeragezwa ryibindi bikoreshokubikoresho byamashanyarazi.

✅Biro Veritas - Ubufaransa

• Inzobere muriibyuma no kwemeza ibikoresho.

✅Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe kwemerera Ubushinwa (CNAS)

• Abagenzuzigupima umuringa mu Bushinwa.

6. Ese umuringa ushobora kugenzurwa nijisho ryambaye ubusa?

✅Ibyingenzi byibanze (ibara, uburemere, kurangiza hejuru, guhinduka) birashobora gutanga ibitekerezo, ariko nintabwo yizewe bihagijekwemeza ubuziranenge.
✅Igenzura ryerekanwa ntirishobora kumenya umwanda wa microscopiquenk'icyuma, isasu, cyangwa zinc.
✅Kugirango ugenzure neza, ibizamini bya laboratoire yabigize umwuga (OES, XRF, ICP-OES) birakenewe.

⚠️Irinde kwishingikiriza gusa ku isura- burigihe usaba araporo y'ibizamini ivuye muri laboratoire yemewemugihe ugura insinga z'umuringa.

7. Umwanzuro

Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwabayobora umuringa ni ngombwa kuriumutekano, gukora neza, no kurambamu nsinga z'amashanyarazi.

• Umuringa udahumanye uganisha ku guhangana cyane, gushyuha cyane, no guteza inkongi y'umuriro.
• Ibizamini bya laboratoire nka OES, XRF, na ICP-OEStanga ibisubizo nyabyo.
• Ibindi bigo byipimisha nka UL, TÜV, na SGSkwemeza kubahiriza amahame yisi yose.
• Igenzura ryerekanwa ryonyine ntirihagije- burigihe ugenzure hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima bwemewe.

Muguhitamoinsinga nziza cyane, insinga z'umuringa, abaguzi nubucuruzi barashobora kwemezagukwirakwiza ingufu neza, kugabanya ingaruka, no kongera igihe cya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi.

Ibibazo

1. Nubuhe buryo bworoshye bwo gupima umuringa murugo?
Ibizamini byibanze nkakugenzura ibara, uburemere, no guhindukairashobora gufasha, ariko kubigenzura nyabyo, laboratoire irakenewe.

2. Bigenda bite iyo umuringa utanduye ukoreshwa mu nsinga?
Umuringa wanduye uriyongerakurwanya, kubyara ubushyuhe, gutakaza ingufu, hamwe ningaruka zumuriro.

3. Nigute nshobora kugenzura neza umuringa mugihe ngura insinga?
Buri gihe sabaraporo y'ibizamini byemeweKuvaUL, TÜV, cyangwa SGS.

4. Ese umuringa wacuzwe usukuye uri munsi yumuringa wera?
Oya.Umuringa usizwe uracyari umuringa usukuyeariko yashizwemo amabati kugirango wirinde kwangirika.

5. Umugozi wa aluminiyumu ushobora gusimbuza insinga z'umuringa?
Aluminium ihendutse arikokutayobora nezakandi bisabainsinga ninigutwara icyuma kimwe n'umuringa.

Danyang Winpower Wire na Cable Mfg Co, Ltd.Uwakoze ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nibikoresho, ibicuruzwa byingenzi birimo insinga z'amashanyarazi, ibyuma bifata insinga hamwe na elegitoronike. Ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo murugo ifite ubwenge, sisitemu yo gufotora, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, hamwe na sisitemu yimodoka