1. Intangiriro
Intsinga z'amashanyarazi zigira uruhare runini mu kohereza ingufu, amakuru, n'ibimenyetso byo kugenzura mu nganda. Kugirango umutekano wabo, imikorere, nigihe kirekire, insinga zigomba kuba zujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bigenga ibintu byose uhereye kubikoresho byinsinga no kubitsa kugeza kurwanya umuriro no kuramba kubidukikije.
Uturere n’inganda zitandukanye zikurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho ushingiye ku mabwiriza y’ibanze n’imikorere myiza mpuzamahanga. Gusobanukirwa ibi bipimo nibyingenzi kubakora, injeniyeri, nabashinzwe imishinga kugirango bubahirize, umutekano, nibikorwa neza.
Iyi ngingo itanga incamake yuzuye yibyingenzi byingenzi byamashanyarazi mpuzamahanga, imikoreshereze yabyo, nuburyo bagereranya mukarere kamwe.
2. Ibipimo bya IEC (Komisiyo mpuzamahanga ya Electrotechnical Commission)
UwitekaIEC (Komisiyo mpuzamahanga ishinzwe amashanyarazi)itezimbere ibipimo byisi yose kubikoresho byamashanyarazi, harimo insinga. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bizwi cyane kandi byemejwe mubihugu byinshi, bitanga umutekano muke no gukora.
Urufunguzo rwibanze rwa IEC
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60092 | Amashanyarazi mumato | Porogaramu zo mu nyanja no hanze |
| IEC 60228 | Abayobora insinga zikingiwe | Irasobanura imiterere y'umuringa na aluminium |
| IEC 60331 | Kurwanya umuriro w'insinga z'amashanyarazi | Menya neza ko insinga ziguma zikora mugihe cyumuriro |
| IEC 60332 | Ibizamini byo gukwirakwiza umuriro | Gerageza uburyo insinga zifata umuriro |
| IEC 60502-1 | Intsinga z'amashanyarazi zigera kuri 30 kV | Byakoreshejwe mumashanyarazi yo hagati yo gukwirakwiza |
| IEC 60754 | Ubwihindurize bwa gaze ya acide no kubora | Suzuma uburozi bwinsinga zaka |
| IEC 61034-2 | Gupima ubucucike bw'umwotsi | Suzuma umwotsi wakozwe mugihe insinga zaka |
3. Ibipimo bya EN (Uburayi busanzwe)
AbanyaburayiEN (Norme Européenne)ibipimo bigenga imikorere ya kabili muri EU na EEA (Ubukungu bwuburayi). Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza umutekano umwe no guhuza ibihugu byuburayi.
Urufunguzo rwa EN Cable Ibipimo
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| EN 50200 | Ikizamini cyo kurwanya umuriro kumashanyarazi yihutirwa | Byakoreshejwe mumuri yihutirwa, sisitemu yo gutabaza |
| EN 50288-7 | Umugozi wibikoresho | Gutangiza inganda no kugenzura inzira |
| EN 50363 | Umuvuduko muke wa voltage hamwe no gukata | Gupfundikira ibikoresho byo kubika insinga |
| EN 60332 | Imyitwarire yumuriro numuriro bikwirakwira | Kurinda umuriro kubikoresho byamashanyarazi |
| EN 61034 | Gupima ubucucike bw'umwotsi | Isuzuma irekurwa ryumwotsi mugihe habaye umuriro |
4. BS (Ibipimo byabongereza) kubitsinga
UwitekaIkigo gishinzwe ubuziranenge mu Bwongereza (BSI)ishyiraho amabwiriza yihariye y’ibihugu by’Ubwongereza na Commonwealth, yemeza ko insinga zujuje umutekano n’ibisabwa biramba.
Urufunguzo rwibanze rwa BS
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| BS 5266-1 | Ibisabwa byihutirwa | Iremeza imikorere yihutirwa |
| BS 6387 | Ubusugire bwumuzunguruko mubihe byumuriro | Byakoreshejwe ahantu hashobora guteza ibyago byinshi (ibitaro, tunel) |
| BS 7211 | Umuyoboro muto wa voltage ya thermosetting | Amashanyarazi meza yo gukoresha murugo no mu nganda |
| BS 7846 | Intsinga zidafite umuriro | Intsinga zidafite umuriro zo gushiraho inganda |
| BS 8519 | Imbaraga zirwanya umuriro ninsinga zo kugenzura | Ikoreshwa mubuzima bwumutekano hamwe na sisitemu yo kurwanya umuriro |
5. CEI (Comitato Elettrotecnico Italiano) Ibipimo
UwitekaCEI (Komite ishinzwe amashanyarazi mu Butaliyani)igenga insinga z'amashanyarazi mu Butaliyani, irinda umutekano mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi no kuyikwirakwiza.
Urufunguzo rwibanze rwa CEI
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| CEI 20-11 / EN 50363 | Ibikoresho byo kubika amashanyarazi make | Irasobanura uburyo bwiza bwo kubika insinga z'amashanyarazi |
| CEI 20-36 | Intsinga irwanya umuriro kugeza kuri kV 1 | Kurwanya umuriro mwinshi ku nyubako zinganda |
| CEI 20-45 | LSZH insinga ya insinga | Umwotsi muke, insinga ya halogene |
6. DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) Ibipimo
UbudageDIN (Ikigo cy’Ubudage gishinzwe ubuziranenge)ishyiraho ubuziranenge bwo hejuru bw'insinga z'amashanyarazi, yibanda ku kurwanya umuriro no gukora.
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| DIN 4102 | Imyitwarire yumuriro nubusugire bwumuzingi | Intsinga irwanya umuriro kugirango yubake umutekano |
7. Ibipimo bya NBN (Norme Belge)
UwitekaNBN (Ikigo gishinzwe ubuziranenge bw'Ababiligi)igenga insinga zidashobora kuzimya umuriro zikoreshwa mu Bubiligi.
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| NBN C 30-004 | Ibyiciro byo kurwanya umuriro | Intsinga z'umutekano wumuriro zo kubaka |
| NBN 713-020 | Kurwanya umuriro ibikoresho byubaka | Gupima insinga mumazu rusange |
8. NF (Norme Française) Ibipimo
UbufaransaNF (Norme Française)ikora neza kugirango irinde umuriro mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi.
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| NF-C-32-070 | Imyitwarire yumuriro itondekanya insinga | Ikoreshwa mu nyubako rusange, tunel, na sisitemu ya metero |
9. SS (Igipimo cya Singapore) kuri insinga
SingaporeSS (Akanama gashinzwe ubuziranenge muri Singapore)igenga insinga zirwanya umuriro kubwumutekano rusange.
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| SS 299 Igice cya 1 | Imikorere ya kabili irwanya umuriro | Iremeza ko imiyoboro yihutirwa ikora mugihe cyumuriro |
10. VDE (Ubudage) Ibipimo bya Cable
UbudageVDE (Verband der Elektrotechnik)igenzura umutekano w'amashanyarazi ku nsinga, cyane cyane mu itumanaho no gupima umuriro.
| Bisanzwe | Ibisobanuro | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| VDE 0815 | Itumanaho hamwe ninsinga zamakuru | Umuyoboro wihuse wa interineti ninsinga za terefone |
| VDE 0482 | Gupima imyuka mugihe cyo gutwikwa | Isuzuma ibyuka byangiza mugihe habaye umuriro |
11. Kuki amahame ya kabili afite akamaro
Umugozi winsinga ni ngombwa kuri:
-
Kurinda umutekanomumashanyarazi
-
Kurinda umuriro n’ibyagokubera insinga zitujuje ubuziranenge
-
Gukomeza kugenzura ubuziranengemu gukora no gukwirakwiza
-
Gukurikiza amategeko mpuzamahanga yubucuruzi
12. Kugereranya ibipimo ngenderwaho mpuzamahanga
| Bisanzwe | Intara | Gusaba |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60331 | Isi yose | Intsinga zidashobora kuzimya umuriro |
| EN 50200 | Uburayi | Umugozi wumurongo wihutirwa |
| BS 6387 | UK | Ubusugire bwumuriro mubihe bikabije |
| CEI 20-36 | Ubutaliyani | Intsinga yubushyuhe bwo hejuru |
| DIN 4102 | Ubudage | Ibyiciro byumuriro kubinyubako |
| NBN C 30-004 | Ububiligi | Ikizamini cyo kurwanya umuriro |
| NF-C-32-070 | Ubufaransa | Umutekano rusange na sisitemu ya metero |
| SS 299 | Singapore | Umugozi wihutirwa wumuriro |
| VDE 0815 | Ubudage | Imiyoboro hamwe ninsinga zitumanaho |
13. Umwanzuro
Gusobanukirwa ibipimo mpuzamahanga byamashanyarazi nibyingenzi mumutekano, kubahiriza, no gukora neza. Haba mubikorwa byinganda, gutura, cyangwa ibikorwa remezo bikomeye, guhitamo neza umugozi wibikoresho byemeza kwizerwa no kurindwa.
Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera, ibipimo bya kabili bizaza byibanda kubikoresho byangiza ibidukikije, kongera umuriro, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ubwenge kugirango umutekano wiyongere.
Kuri Top Cable tumaze imyaka irenga 16 dutezimbere no gukora insinga. Dufite urwego rwuzuye rwimbaraga, kugenzura, ibikoresho, insinga za voltage ntoya. Byose biboneka muburyo bwintwaro kandi zidafite intwaro, kandi kandi ukurikije imikorere yumuriro: flame na retardant, hamwe no kurwanya umuriro.
Kubindi bisobanuro bijyanye nurwego rwacu, twandikire uyumunsi
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-02-2025