Kumena imiraba: Uburyo insinga zireremba kumurongo zigenda zihinduranya ihererekanyabubasha

Intangiriro

Mu gihe isi yose iganisha ku mbaraga z’ingufu zishobora kwiyongera, insinga zireremba ku nyanja zagaragaye nk'igisubizo gikomeye cyo guhererekanya ingufu zirambye. Izi nsinga, zagenewe guhangana n’ibibazo bidasanzwe by’ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, bifasha mu guha amashanyarazi imirima y’umuyaga wo mu nyanja, sisitemu y’ingufu z’amazi, ndetse n’izuba rireremba. Mugutanga umurongo uhamye kandi woroshye wo guhererekanya ingufu mumishinga yo hanze, insinga zireremba zirimo guhindura imiterere yingufu zishobora kubaho. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzibira muburyo insinga zireremba kumurongo zikora, inyungu zazo, ibyo zikoresha, nicyo zisobanura ejo hazaza h'ingufu.

Ni ubuhe butumwa bwo kureremba hanze?

Ibisobanuro n'imiterere

Imiyoboro ireremba ya Offshore ni insinga zabugenewe zagumye zihindagurika mubidukikije byo mu nyanja. Bitandukanye ninsinga gakondo zo mumazi ziruhukira hejuru yinyanja, insinga zireremba zirimo ibintu byaoyant nibikoresho bigezweho kugirango bikomeze kugenda neza kandi byoroshye. Igishushanyo kibemerera kugenda hamwe ninyanja ninyanja idatakaza ituze, bigatuma biba byiza mugushiraho amazi maremare hamwe nimbaraga za offshore.

Itandukaniro rya gakondo ya Subsea

Intsinga gakondo zo mu nyanja zomekwa ku nyanja kandi zishobora kwangizwa n’imihindagurikire y’inyanja n’imigendere y’ubutaka. Ku rundi ruhande, insinga zireremba, zihambiriwe ku mbuga zireremba cyangwa buoys, bigatuma zishobora kuguma zihamye ndetse no mu mazi akomeye. Ihindagurika ryimikorere ituma biba byiza kubikorwa byo hanze aho ikirere n’imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije bishobora kuba bitateganijwe kandi bikomeye.

Uburyo bwo Kureremba Kureremba Kumazi

Buoyancy na Flexibility

Urufunguzo rwa offshore ireremba insinga zikorwa muburyo bwa buoyant no kubaka byoroshye. Ibikoresho bya buoyant, nka sintetike hamwe nibikoresho byabugenewe byabugenewe, byinjijwe mumashanyarazi, bituma bireremba mubwimbitse. Ihinduka ririnda gucika no kwambara bishobora kugaragara hamwe nubwoko bukomeye bwa kabili.

Sisitemu yo gucunga insinga

Gushyigikira insinga ninshi murwego rwo gucunga imiyoboro ya kabili, harimo guhagarika umutima hamwe na sisitemu yo gukumira bikabije. Mu kwemerera insinga "kugendana" hamwe nigenda ryumuraba, sisitemu yo kuyobora igabanya imbaraga, ikongerera ubuzima bwinsinga kandi ikagabanya ibikenerwa byo kubungabunga. Inanga, buoys, hamwe nubuyobozi buyobora bikorana kugirango izo nsinga zigume aho, zituma ingufu ziva mumasoko zituruka hanze.

Inyungu z'insinga zireremba zo hanze zohereza ingufu

Kongera imbaraga zo guhangana n’ibidukikije bya Marine

Intsinga zireremba zubatswe kugirango zihangane nuburyo budasanzwe bwamazi afunguye, aho imiraba, imivumba, ninkubi y'umuyaga bishobora gutera kugenda. Ibikoresho byoroshye, bidasubirwaho bikoreshwa muriyi nsinga bifasha kurinda kwambara kutavunika no kwangirika kwamazi yumunyu, bigatuma bikwiranye nigihe kirekire cyo gushyiramo ibidukikije mumyanyanja.

Kunonosora ubunini bwo kwagura imishinga yo hanze

Mugihe imishinga ishobora kongera ingufu yaguka kure yinyanja, insinga zireremba zitanga igisubizo kinini gishyigikira ihererekanyabubasha kure cyane. Intsinga gakondo zihura nimbogamizi mugihe zashyizwe mumazi maremare, mugihe insinga zireremba zishobora gukemura ibyifuzo byimishinga minini, yimbitse. Ihinduka ryemerera imirima yumuyaga nibindi bikoresho gukorera ahantu mbere itagerwaho, ifungura uburyo bushya bwo kubyara ingufu zishobora kubaho.

Ikiguzi Cyiza mugushiraho no Kubungabunga

Gushyira insinga gakondo zo mumazi akenshi bisaba ibikoresho bihenze, ibikoresho byihariye no gutegura byinshi. Intsinga zireremba, ariko, mubisanzwe biroroshye gushiraho kandi birashobora koherezwa vuba, kugabanya ibiciro byimbere. Mubisanzwe basaba kandi kubungabungwa bike kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo kumenyera imiterere yinyanja ihindagurika, bigatuma ibiciro byigihe kirekire byo gukora kumishinga yo hanze.

Ibyingenzi Byingenzi bya Offshore Kureremba

1. Imirima yumuyaga wo hanze

Imwe muma progaramu yingirakamaro kumigozi ireremba ni mumashanyarazi yumuyaga. Mugihe imirima yumuyaga yimukiye mumazi maremare kugirango ifate umuyaga ukomeye kandi uhoraho, insinga zireremba zitanga ihinduka rikenewe kugirango uhuze turbine gusubira ku nkombe, ndetse no mubidukikije bigoye. Ihindagurika ryemerera kwishyiriraho umuyaga wo hanze gushirwa mubice byahoze kure cyane cyangwa byimbitse, bifasha kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi.

2. Sisitemu y'ingufu za Tidal na Wave

Sisitemu yingufu zamazi nizunguruka zishingiye kumigendere yamazi kugirango itange ingufu. Uku kugenda guhoraho kurashobora gushira umurongo kumugozi gakondo, bigatuma insinga zireremba zihitamo neza. Imiterere yabyo kandi ihindagurika ibemerera kwimuka muburyo busanzwe hamwe n’amazi meza, bigatuma ihererekanyabubasha ryiza bitabangamiye ubunyangamugayo.

3. Imirasire y'izuba ireremba

Imirasire y'izuba ireremba ni inzira igaragara, cyane cyane mu turere aho ubutaka bugarukira. Intsinga zireremba zishyigikira ibyo bikoresho mugutanga ihuza ryoroshye hagati yizuba ryamazi kumazi na gride yumuriro. Mugihe icyifuzo cyimirima yizuba ireremba kigenda cyiyongera, cyane cyane mubice byinyanja n’ibigega, insinga zireremba zigira uruhare runini muguhuza ayo mashanyarazi na gride neza kandi yizewe.

Inzitizi nigisubizo muri Offshore Floating Cable Gushyira mubikorwa

Ikibazo 1: Kuramba hamwe numunaniro wibikoresho

Guhora kw'inyanja birashobora gutera kwambara cyane ku nsinga, biganisha ku munaniro wibintu mugihe runaka. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abayikora barimo gukora insinga zakozwe munganda zogukora neza hamwe nibikoresho birwanya ruswa bishobora kwihanganira ubukana bwibidukikije. Ibi bikoresho byongerera ubuzima insinga kandi bigabanya ibikenerwa byo kubungabunga, bigatuma ishoramari rifatika ryimishinga yo hanze.

Ikibazo 2: Ikiguzi cyambere

Mugihe insinga zireremba zitanga kuzigama igihe kirekire mukubungabunga, ishoramari ryambere rirashobora kuba ryinshi. Igiciro cyibikoresho bya buoyant, ibishushanyo mbonera, hamwe na sisitemu yihariye yo kuyobora birashobora kongera ibiciro byimbere. Ariko, mugihe tekinoroji ireremba ikomeje gutera imbere, ibiciro byambere biragabanuka. Byongeye kandi, guverinoma n’amasosiyete y’ingufu bashora imari mu ikoranabuhanga rya kabili ireremba kugira ngo bashyigikire imishinga minini y’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, ifasha gukora izo nsinga zihendutse.

Ikibazo cya 3: Ingaruka ku bidukikije

Gushyira insinga mubidukikije byo mu nyanja bitera ingaruka zishobora kubangamira urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja. Kugira ngo izo ngaruka zigabanuke, ibigo bifata ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho bigabanya guhungabanya ubuzima bw’inyanja. Byongeye kandi, insinga zireremba zirema ikirenge gito kuruta insinga gakondo zo mu nyanja, kuko zidasaba guhungabana cyane mu nyanja mugihe cyo kuyishyiraho, bigatuma ihitamo rirambye ryo kohereza ingufu mu nyanja.

Ejo hazaza h'insinga zireremba hanze no guhererekanya ingufu kwisi

Guhanga udushya nuburyo bugezweho bwa tekinoroji

Ejo hazaza h'insinga zireremba hejuru zirakomeye, hamwe nubushakashatsi bukomeje kwibanda kubikoresho na tekinoroji bishobora kuzamura imikorere. Ibyuma byubwenge birimo gutezwa imbere kugirango bikurikirane ibihe-nyabyo, bituma hamenyekana hakiri kare imyambarire hamwe nibishobora gutsindwa. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ibishushanyo mbonera bigenda bihindagurika birageragezwa bihindura imiyoboro ya kabili hamwe n’impagarara zishingiye ku bihe by’ikirere, bishobora kurushaho kuramba.

Ingaruka zishobora kubaho ku ntego z'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa ku isi

Imiyoboro ireremba ya Offshore igira uruhare runini mugutanga ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu kandi zikagerwaho. Mu kwemerera imishinga yo hanze kubakwa ahantu hatagerwaho, insinga zireremba zifasha gufata ingufu nyinshi zishobora kubaho. Iri terambere rishyigikira ingamba z’isi yose zo kugabanya gushingira ku bicanwa by’ibinyabuzima no kwimuka ku masoko y’ingufu zisukuye, bifasha kugera ku ntego mpuzamahanga z’ikirere no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.

Umwanzuro

Imiyoboro ireremba ya Offshore nubuhanga bwimpinduramatwara ifasha gutwara ejo hazaza h’ingufu zishobora kubaho. Hamwe nubworoherane, kwihangana, hamwe nubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, bitanga igisubizo cyizewe cyo kohereza ingufu ziva mumasoko nkumuyaga, umuyaga mwinshi, nizuba. Mugihe iryo koranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, insinga zireremba zizagira uruhare runini mugushoboza ingufu zitanduye no gushyigikira ibikorwa birambye ku isi. Mugutsinda imbogamizi nkigihe kirekire, ikiguzi, ningaruka ku bidukikije, insinga zireremba hejuru yinyanja zirimo guha inzira inzira ihuriweho kandi ikoresha ingufu.

Kuva mu 2009,Danyang Winpower Wire na Cable Mfg Co, Ltd.yagiye guhinga mu murima w'amashanyarazi na elegitoronike hafi15 myaka, gukusanya ubutunzi bwuburambe mu nganda no guhanga udushya. Twibanze ku kuzana ubuziranenge buhanitse, hirya no hino hamwe no kwishakamo ibisubizo ku isoko, kandi buri gicuruzwa cyemejwe cyane n’imiryango yemewe n’ibihugu by’i Burayi n’Abanyamerika, bikwiranye n’ibikenewe mu guhuza ibintu bitandukanye.