Mugihe icyifuzo cyingufu zirambye kigenda cyiyongera, amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi (PV) yabaye igisubizo cyambere. Mugihe ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya sisitemu ya PV, ikintu kimwe gikunze kwirengagizwa ni uguhitamo neza insinga za Photovoltaque. Guhitamo insinga ziboneye birashobora kuzamura cyane amashanyarazi, umutekano, no kuramba kwa sisitemu. Iyi ngingo itanga inama zifatika, hibandwa ku guhitamo umugozi wa PV, kugirango wongere imbaraga za sisitemu yo gukora neza.
1. Hitamo ubuziranengeUmugozi wa PV
Intsinga nziza ya PV nizo shingiro ryizuba ryiza kandi ryizewe. Menya neza ko insinga zubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga nkaTÜV, UL 4703, naIEC 62930, nkibi byemezo byemeza kuramba no gukora.
Amahitamo ya kabili azwi nkaEN H1Z2Z2-KnaTUV PV1-Fzagenewe gukoreshwa igihe kirekire mugukoresha izuba, gutanga:
- Amashanyarazi make yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi meza.
- Kurinda ibintu bidukikije nkimirasire ya UV nubushuhe.
- Kurwanya umuriro kugirango ugabanye ingaruka zishobora kubaho.
Gushora mumigozi yo murwego rwohejuru bigabanya gutakaza ingufu kandi byongera ubuzima bwa sisitemu.
2. Reba Ingano ya Cable nubushobozi-bwo gutwara
Ingano ya kabili igira ingaruka itaziguye yohereza amashanyarazi. Intsinga zidafite imbaraga zirashobora gutuma imbaraga za voltage zigabanuka, bikaviramo gutakaza ingufu no gushyuha.
Kuri sisitemu nyinshi za PV, ubusanzwe zikoreshwa ni4mm² or 6mm², ukurikije ubushobozi bwa sisitemu n'uburebure bwa kabili. Menya neza ko umugozi watoranijwe ufite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu bikwiranye nogushiraho kugirango ukomeze gukora neza n'umutekano.
3. Shyira imbere ibihe-birwanya kandi biramba
Intsinga ya Photovoltaque igomba guhangana nibibazo bitandukanye bidukikije. Shakisha insinga hamwe na:
- UV hamwe na ozone irwanya izonekwihanganira izuba igihe kirekire.
- Flame-retardant imitungo ijyanye naIEC 60332-1kubungabunga umutekano.
- Ubushyuhe bwo gukora buratandukanye-40 ° C kugeza kuri + 90 ° C.gukemura ibibazo bikabije.
Ibikoresho nkaTPE or XLPEnibyiza kubitera, kwemeza guhinduka no gukora igihe kirekire.
4. Koresha Umuyoboro Ukwiye Kwihuza no Kurangiza
Guhuza umutekano kandi uhamye nibyingenzi mukugabanya gutakaza ingufu. Koresha ihuza ryiza-ryiza, nkaMC4 ihuza, kugirango wirinde kurangiza cyangwa kwangirika.
Buri gihe ugenzure imiyoboro kugirango urebe ko ikomeza gukomera kandi idafite umwanda cyangwa ubuhehere. Kwishyiriraho neza no gufata neza amasano bigira uruhare muburyo bwo guhererekanya ingufu hamwe na sisitemu ihamye.
5. Kugabanya Umuyoboro Wamashanyarazi hamwe na Optimized Cable Layout
Umugozi muremure urashobora gutera imbaraga za voltage zigabanuka, kugabanya imikorere ya sisitemu. Kugabanya ibyo bihombo:
- Koresha uburebure bwa kabili igihe cyose bishoboka.
- Hindura inzira ya kabili kugirango ugabanye kunama bitari ngombwa n'uburebure bwiyongereye.
- Hitamo insinga hamwe nigice kinini cyambukiranya ibice bisaba gukora birebire.
Izi ngamba zitanga ingufu zitangwa neza ziva mumirasire y'izuba kugeza inverter.
6. Menya neza impamvu ikwiye no kurindwa
Impamvu ni ngombwa kubwumutekano wa sisitemu no gukora. Intsinga zubutaka zifasha kurinda amashanyarazi no guhagarika sisitemu mugihe ikora.
Mubyongeyeho, hitamo insinga zifite insulasiyo ikwiye kandi ikingire kugirango ugabanye ingaruka ziterwa na electronique (EMI) hanyuma urebe imikorere ihamye.
7. Gukurikirana no Kubungabunga insinga za PV buri gihe
Kubungabunga inzira ni ngombwa kugirango sisitemu ya PV imere neza. Kugenzura buri gihe insinga zerekana ibimenyetso byo kwambara, kwangirika, cyangwa kwangirika. Kurinda insinga zangiza ibidukikije, nk'imbeba cyangwa ubuhehere bukabije, ukoresheje sisitemu yo gucunga insinga nka clips, amasano, cyangwa imiyoboro.
Gusukura no gutunganya insinga zawe buri gihe ntabwo bizamura imikorere gusa ahubwo binagura igihe cya sisitemu yose.
Umwanzuro
Guhitamo no kubungabunga insinga za PV nintambwe yingenzi mugutezimbere amashanyarazi. Mugushira imbere ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge, ubunini bukwiye, imiterere ikora neza, hamwe no kubungabunga buri gihe, urashobora kuzamura imikorere ya sisitemu no kuramba.
Gushora mumigozi ya premium no gukurikiza imikorere myiza ntabwo byongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi gusa ahubwo binagabanya ibiciro byigihe kirekire. Fata intambwe yambere yo kugwiza ubushobozi bwizuba ryizuba mukuzamura insinga zawe no kugenzura neza no kwitaho.
Hindura sisitemu y'ingufu zizuba uyumunsi kugirango ejo hazaza heza, harambye!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-23-2024