Ubuyobozi Bwuzuye bwo Gutura PV-Ububiko bwa Sisitemu Igishushanyo mbonera

Sisitemu yo guturamo (PV) -ububiko bugizwe ahanini na moderi ya PV, bateri zibika ingufu, inverteri zo kubika, ibikoresho bipima, hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga. Intego yacyo ni ukugera ku mbaraga zo kwihaza, kugabanya ibiciro by'ingufu, kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, no kuzamura ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Kugena sisitemu yo kubika PV ituye ni inzira yuzuye isaba gutekereza neza kubintu bitandukanye kugirango imikorere ikore neza kandi ihamye.

I. Incamake ya Sisitemu yo Kubamo PV

Mbere yo gutangiza sisitemu yo gushiraho, ni ngombwa gupima DC irwanya ubukana hagati ya PV array yinjiza nubutaka. Niba kurwanya bitarenze U… / 30mA (U… byerekana ingufu nini zisohoka za voltage ya PV array), hagomba gufatwa ingamba zinyongera zo guhagarika cyangwa gukumira.

Imikorere yibanze ya sisitemu yo kubika PV irimo:

• Kwikoresha wenyine: Gukoresha ingufu z'izuba kugirango uhuze ingufu z'urugo.
• Kogosha impinga no kuzura ikibaya: Kuringaniza imikoreshereze yingufu mubihe bitandukanye kugirango uzigame ibiciro byingufu.
• Imbaraga zububiko: Gutanga ingufu zizewe mugihe cyo kubura.
• Amashanyarazi yihutirwa: Gushyigikira imitwaro ikomeye mugihe cyo kunanirwa kwa gride.

Igenamiterere ririmo gusesengura ingufu zikoreshwa n’abakoresha, gushushanya PV na sisitemu yo kubika, guhitamo ibice, gutegura gahunda yo kwishyiriraho, no kwerekana ingamba zo gufata neza.

II. Gusaba Isesengura n'Igenamigambi

Isesengura ry'ingufu

Isesengura rirambuye risaba ingufu ni ngombwa, harimo:

• Umwirondoro: Kumenya imbaraga zisabwa mubikoresho bitandukanye.
• Imikoreshereze ya buri munsi: Kugena ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha amashanyarazi kumanywa nijoro.
• Igiciro cy'amashanyarazi: Gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwimisoro kugirango hongerwe sisitemu yo kuzigama ibiciro.

Inyigo

• Umwirondoro wabakoresha:
  • Umutwaro wose uhujwe: 8.2 kWt
  • Umutwaro w'ingenzi: 3.6 kWt
  • Gukoresha ingufu ku manywa: 10 kWt
  • Gukoresha ingufu nijoro: 20 kWt
• Gahunda ya Sisitemu:
  • Shyiramo PV-ububiko bwa Hybrid sisitemu hamwe na PV yamanywa yujuje ibyifuzo byumutwaro no kubika ingufu zirenze muri bateri kugirango ukoreshe nijoro. Urusobe rukora nkisoko yinyongera mugihe PV nububiko bidahagije.

• III. Iboneza Sisitemu no Guhitamo Ibigize

  1. Igishushanyo cya PV

  • Ingano ya sisitemu: Ukurikije umutwaro wa 8.2 kW ukoresha hamwe nogukoresha burimunsi 30 kWh, birasabwa 12 kW PV array. Iyi array irashobora kubyara hafi 36 kWh kumunsi kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo.
  • PV Modules: Koresha modul 21 imwe-kristu 580Wp module, ugere kubushobozi bwashyizweho bwa 12.18 kWp. Menya neza uburyo bwiza bwo kubona izuba ryinshi.

  Imbaraga ntarengwa Pmax [W]	575	580	585	590	595	600
  Umuvuduko mwiza wa voltage Vmp [V]	43.73	43.88	44.02	44.17	44.31	44.45
  Uburyo bwiza bwo gukora Imp Imp [A]	13.15	13.22	13.29	13.36	13.43	13.50
  Fungura amashanyarazi ya Voc [V]	52.30	52.50	52.70	52.90	53.10	53.30
  Umuyoboro mugufi Isc [A]	13.89	13.95	14.01	14.07	14.13	14.19
  Uburyo bwiza bw'amasomo [%]	22.3	22.5	22.7	22.8	23.0	23.2
  Ibisohoka kwihanganira imbaraga	0 ~ + 3%
  Coefficient yubushyuhe bwimbaraga nini [Pmax]	-0.29% / ℃
  Coefficient yubushyuhe bwa voltage yumuzunguruko [Voc]	-0,25% / ℃
  Coefficient yubushyuhe bwumuzunguruko mugufi [Isc]	0.045% / ℃
  Ibizamini bisanzwe (STC): Ubushyuhe bwumucyo 1000W / m², ubushyuhe bwa bateri 25 ℃, ubwiza bwikirere 1.5

  2. Sisitemu yo Kubika Ingufu

  • Ubushobozi bwa Bateri: Shiraho sisitemu ya batiri ya litiro 25,6 kWh ya lithium fer (LiFePO4). Ubu bushobozi butuma habaho kugarura ibintu bihagije (3.6 kW) mugihe cyamasaha 7 mugihe cyo kubura.
  • Amashanyarazi: Koresha ibishushanyo mbonera, byegeranye hamwe na IP65 igizwe nuruzitiro rwimbere / hanze. Buri module ifite ubushobozi bwa 2.56 kWh, hamwe na module 10 igizwe na sisitemu yuzuye.

  3. Guhitamo Inverter

  • Hybrid Inverter: Koresha 10 kW Hybrid inverter hamwe na PV hamwe nubushobozi bwo gucunga ububiko. Ibyingenzi byingenzi birimo:
    • Ntarengwa PV yinjiza: 15 kW
    • Ibisohoka: 10 kW kuri byombi bifatanye na gride ikora
    • Kurinda: IP65 igipimo hamwe na grid-off-grid yo guhinduranya <10 ms

  4. Guhitamo umugozi wa PV

  Imiyoboro ya PV ihuza izuba hamwe na inverter cyangwa agasanduku. Bagomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, UV igaragara, hamwe nuburyo bwo hanze.

  • EN 50618 H1Z2Z2-K:
    • Intangiriro imwe, yagereranijwe kuri 1.5 kV DC, hamwe na UV nziza kandi irwanya ikirere.
  • TÜV PV1-F:
    • Ihindagurika, flame-retardant, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwagutse (-40 ° C kugeza + 90 ° C).
  • UL 4703 PV Wire:
    • Kabiri-yubatswe, nibyiza kubisenge hamwe na sisitemu-yubutaka.
  • AD8 Umuyoboro w'izuba ureremba:
    • Kurohama kandi bitarimo amazi, bikwiranye n’ibidukikije cyangwa amazi.
  • Imirasire y'izuba ya Aluminium:
    • Umucyo woroshye kandi uhenze, ukoreshwa mubikorwa binini.

  5. Ububiko bwo Kubika Ingufu

  Umugozi wububiko uhuza bateri na inverter. Bagomba gukoresha umuyaga mwinshi, gutanga ubushyuhe bwumuriro, no gukomeza ubusugire bwamashanyarazi.

  • UL10269 na UL11627 Intsinga:
    • Urukuta ruto cyane, rwaka umuriro, kandi rworoshye.
  • Umugozi wa XLPE:
    • Umuvuduko mwinshi (kugeza 1500V DC) hamwe no kurwanya ubushyuhe.
  • Umuyoboro mwinshi wa DC:
    • Yashizweho kugirango ihuze moderi ya bateri na bisi zifite ingufu nyinshi.

  Byasabwe Cable Ibisobanuro

  Ubwoko bwa Cable	Icyitegererezo	Gusaba
  Umugozi wa PV	EN 50618 H1Z2Z2-K	Guhuza modules ya PV kuri inverter.
  Umugozi wa PV	UL 4703 PV Wire	Kwishyiriraho igisenge gisaba gukingirwa cyane.
  Umugozi wo kubika ingufu	UL 10269, UL 11627	Ihuza rya batiri.
  Umugozi wabitswe	Umugozi wa Batiri ya EMI	Kugabanya kwivanga muri sisitemu zoroshye.
  Umuyoboro mwinshi	Umugozi wa XLPE	Ihuza-ryinshi muri sisitemu ya bateri.
  Umugozi wa PV	AD8 Umuyoboro w'izuba ureremba	Ibidukikije bikunda amazi cyangwa ubushuhe.

IV. Kwishyira hamwe kwa Sisitemu

Shyiramo modules ya PV, kubika ingufu, na inverters muri sisitemu yuzuye:

1. Sisitemu ya PV: Shushanya imiterere ya module kandi urebe neza umutekano wuburyo hamwe na sisitemu ikwiye.
2. Ububiko bw'ingufu: Shyiramo bateri ya modular hamwe na BMS ikwiye (Sisitemu yo gucunga Bateri) kugirango ikurikirane igihe.
3. Hybrid Inverter: Huza imirongo ya PV na bateri kuri inverter yo gucunga ingufu zitagira akagero.

V. Kwubaka no Kubungabunga

Kwinjiza:

• Isuzuma ryurubuga: Kugenzura ibisenge cyangwa ahantu h'ubutaka kugirango uhuze n'imiterere y'izuba.
• Kwinjiza ibikoresho: Shyira neza modul ya PV, bateri, na inverter.
• Ikizamini cya Sisitemu: Kugenzura imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi no gukora ibizamini bikora.

Kubungabunga:

• Kugenzura Inzira: Reba insinga, modules, na inverter kugirango wambare cyangwa wangiritse.
• Isuku: Buri gihe usukure modules ya PV kugirango ukomeze gukora neza.
• Gukurikirana kure: Koresha ibikoresho bya software kugirango ukurikirane imikorere ya sisitemu kandi uhindure igenamiterere.

VI. Umwanzuro

Sisitemu yo guturamo yubatswe neza PV itanga ububiko bwingufu, inyungu zidukikije, hamwe nimbaraga zizewe. Guhitamo neza ibice nka modules ya PV, bateri zibika ingufu, inverter, hamwe ninsinga zituma sisitemu ikora neza kandi ikaramba. Mugukurikiza igenamigambi ryiza,

kwishyiriraho, no kubungabunga protocole, banyiri amazu barashobora kugwiza inyungu zishoramari ryabo.