Isesengura rya tekinoroji yo kurwanya ruswa mu nyanja yo hejuru yinyanja Photovoltaic Cable Material: Gukemura ibibazo byo mu nyanja

Intangiriro kuri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque

Kwiyongera kwisi yose ku mbaraga zo mu nyanja zisubirwamo

Mugihe isi igenda yihuta yerekeza kubutabogamye bwa karubone, ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zafashe umwanya wambere. Muri ibyo,Amafoto yo mu mazi-Kandi bizwi nkizuba rireremba izuba cyangwa inyanja PV - bigenda bigaragara nkigisubizo cyiza kubuke bwubutaka no gutandukanya ingufu. Ibihugu bifite ubutaka buke bushobora gukoreshwa ariko ku nkombe nyinshi, nk'Ubuyapani, Singapuru, ndetse no mu bice by'Uburayi, birashakisha ubushakashatsi ku mashanyarazi ya PV no ku nkombe.

Kureremba izuba ntibitanga amashanyarazi gusa ahubwo binatangaitezimbere imikoreshereze yubutaka, igabanya umwuka, kandi ishyigikira imikoreshereze ihuriweho hamwe na sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi. Mugihe ibyinshi byashizwemo byari mubiyaga byamazi meza cyangwa ibigega, kwimukira kurigufungura inyanja hamwe ninyanjaitangiza urutonde rwihariye rwibibazo, cyane cyane muburyo burambye no kuramba kwa sisitemu.

Mubihe bibi nkibi, aho amazi yumunyu, ubushuhe, umuyaga, nimirasire ya UV bibana,insinga ziba kimwe mubice byoroshye ariko bikomeye. Bakora nkumugongo wamashanyarazi wa sisitemu ya PV, ihuza modul na inverter na sitasiyo yamashanyarazi. Kunanirwa kwose birashobora gukurura ingufu, sisitemu yo hasi, cyangwa nibibazo byumutekano.

Kubwibyo, hagenda hibandwa ku iterambereruswa irwanya ruswa, ibikoresho bya kabili birinda ikirereibyo birashobora kwihanganira imihangayiko idasanzwe yibidukikije byo mu nyanja imyaka 25+.

Ibyiza byo Kureremba PV hejuru ya sisitemu ishingiye kubutaka

Kureremba izuba bitanga inyungu nyinshi ugereranije na sisitemu ya PV ishingiye kubutaka:

• Gukoresha neza ubutaka: Irinde guhatana nubutaka bwubuhinzi cyangwa imijyi.

• Kunoza imikorere neza: Ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buturuka kumazi akikije bifasha kugabanya igihombo cyumuriro.

• Kugabanya umwuka: Nibyiza gukoreshwa kubigega cyangwa mumazi mumazi akunze kwibasirwa n amapfa.

• Ubunini bwa modular: Biroroshye kwaguka nta buhanga bukomeye bwububatsi.

• Guhuza na sisitemu ishobora kuvugururwa: Irashobora guhuzwa numuyaga wo hanze, tidal, cyangwa hydrogène.

Ariko, izo nyungu zizanaibikoresho byo hejuru bisabwa, cyane cyane ku nsinga zihura n'umwuka wo mu nyanja cyangwa kwibiza.

Niyo mpamvu udushya twibikoresho bishya, cyane cyane muriKurwanya ruswa no kuramba kwa UV, ubu biragaragara nkikintu cyingenzi mugukingura ubushobozi bwurwego runini rureremba PV.

Uruhare rwinsinga muri sisitemu ihamye no kuramba

Intsinga ya Photovoltaque ntabwo igizwe gusa na pasiporoibikorwa bifatika bya sisitemu yo kwizerwa, gukora neza, n'umutekano. Muri sisitemu ya PV yo mu nyanja, insinga zigomba gukora mukibazo gihoraho, harimo:

• Gutera amazi yumunyu no kwibiza

• Imirasire y'izuba hamwe no gusiganwa ku magare

• Imikorere ya mashini ituruka kumuraba n'umuyaga

• Ikirere cyangirika

Imikorere idahagije irashobora kuganisha kuri:

• Kwangirika

• Inzira ngufi cyangwa arcing

• Kunanirwa kwa sisitemu imburagihe

• Kongera amafaranga yo gukora

Kubwibyo, guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye ntabwo ari amahitamo ya tekiniki gusa - ni icyemezo cyibikorwa bigira ingaruka kuriibiciro byubuzima bwose, amasaha yo hejuru, na ROI ya sisitemu ya marine marine.

Ibikoresho byo hejuru cyane nkahalogen-yubusa ihuza polyolefine (XLPO)bagenda bahinduka igipimo cyo kuringaniza imashini, amashanyarazi, n’ibidukikije.

Inzitizi zidasanzwe z’ibidukikije byo mu nyanja

Guhora uhura namazi yumunyu nubushuhe buhebuje

Amazi yumunyu nimwe mubintu byangiza cyane bibora muri kamere. Bitandukanye n’amazi meza, arimo umunyu ushonga - cyane cyane sodium chloride - ibyokwihutisha okiside na reaction ya electrochemichejuru yicyuma na polymer.

Ku nsinga, ibi birerekana ibyago byinshi:

• Kwihuta kwangirika kwabayobora(cyane cyane aho arangirira)

• Gutesha agaciro insulation na jacketi

• Kwinjiza amazi mumigozi ya kabili, biganisha ku ikabutura y'imbere

Byongeye kandi, ubuhehere bukabije bw’ibidukikije - akenshi hejuru ya 80% muri zone yinyanja - burashoboragucengera ibikoresho bya kabili, cyane cyane niba ari ibibyimba cyangwa byacitse kubera UV ihura.

Igihe kirenze, izi ngaruka zirashobora guhungabana:

• Kurwanya amashanyarazi

• Imbaraga za dielectric

• Guhindura imashini

Kubwibyo, insinga zo mu nyanja zigomba gukorwa mubikoresho hamweimiterere idasanzwe ya barrièrehamwe no kwangirika kwangirika.

Imirasire ya UV hamwe nihindagurika ryubushyuhe

Ibidukikije hejuru yinyanja biragaragaraimirasire ikabije kandi ndende, bitera:

• Ifoto-okiside yamakoti ya polymer

• Amabara azimangana

• Kumeneka hejuru, biganisha kumazi

Mu turere dushyuha no mu turere dushyuha, ubushyuhe bwo ku manywa bushobora kurenga 50 ° C hejuru y’insinga, mu gihe ijoro riba ryiza, rikoraburimunsi yumuriro. Uku kwaguka inshuro nyinshi no kugabanuka birashobora gutera:

• Guhagarika umutima

• Kurekura abahuza

• Gutesha agaciro kashe ndende

Hatariho ibikoresho bya UV bihamye, ikoti ya kabili irashobora kunanirwa mumyaka mike. Niyo mpamvuUV irwanya polymers na stabilisateurni ngombwa mu nyanja ya kabili.

Ibikoresho bishingiye kuri XLPO, iyo byateguwe neza, bitanga ibyizaUV hamwe nubusaza bwumuriro, kubikora bikwiranye cyane na sisitemu ya PV ireremba.

Ibinyabuzima byangiza kandi bikura

Akenshi birengagizwa ibyago byo mu nyanja nibiofouling- kwirundanya kw'ibinyabuzima nka algae, barnacle, na mollusks hejuru y’amazi. Mugihe bikunze kuganirwaho muri salle na ankeri, insinga zashizwemo cyangwa zashizwemo igice nazo zirashobora guhura.

Kwiyongera kw'ibinyabuzima birashobora kuganisha kuri:

• Kwiyongera gukurura na kabili

• Gukuraho insuline biva mu gusohora bio-aside

• Gukura kwinshi mumakoti ya kabili, cyane cyane mumigezi

Byongeye kandi, ibikorwa byibinyabuzima bifatanije nu munyu biremamikorobe iterwa na ruswa (MIC), ishobora gutera ibyuma na polymers.

Kurwanya ibi, ibikoresho bya kabili ya marine PV bikeneye:

• Kurwanya mikorobe no kurwanya fungal

• Ubuso bworoshye, hydrophobiquebikumira ubukoloni

• Ibikoresho birwanya ibibyimbaibuza gukura kama

Ibikoresho byiza bya XLPO byujuje ubuziranenge akenshi byateguwe hamweinyongeramusarurokandi ufite imiterere ifunze ya molekileirwanya mikorobe, wongeyeho urundi rwego rwo kurinda.

Ibisabwa byingenzi kubuso bwinyanja PV Ibikoresho byinsinga

Kurwanya Ubushyuhe Kurenza Ubushyuhe bukabije

Intsinga zo mu mazi zo mu mazi ziragaragaraguhindagurika k'ubushyuhe, akenshi guhera ku bushyuhe bwa zeru mu bihe bikonje kugeza hejuru ya 90 ° C munsi y'izuba ryinshi hejuru y'amazi. Kugirango ukomeze gukora mubihe nkibi, ibikoresho byinsinga bigomba:

• Komeza ubunyangamugayonubwo kwaguka kwinshi kwinshi no kugabanuka

• Irinde gucika, gushira, cyangwa koroshya

• Menya neza imikorere ya dielectric na insulation

Ibikoresho bya XLPO (bihujwe na polyolefin) bifite akamaro cyane hano. Ibyaboimiterere ya molekile imiterereibemerera kugumana imbaraga nubukanishi hejuru yubushyuhe bugari, mubisanzwe kuva-40 ° C kugeza kuri + 125 ° C., birenze ibyo PVC cyangwa reberi ishingiye kubindi bishobora gukemura.

Ihindagurika ryumuriro ryemeza ko na nyuma yimyaka yubushyuhe bwa buri munsi, umugozi ukomeza:

• Ubushobozi buhoraho bwo gutwara

• Kurwanya insulation idahwitse

• Guhindura umubiri kugendagenda no gutondeka

Mumiterere yinyanja ahoimirasire y'izuba ni ndende kandi sisitemu yo kubaho irenze imyaka makumyabiri, uru rwego rwo kurwanya ubushyuhe ni ngombwa kubwigihe kirekire.

Amazi meza hamwe nu munyu mwinshi

Ahari ikintu cyingenzi kiranga umugozi wose winyanja niubudahangarwa bwo kwinjira mu mazinakwangirika guterwa n'umunyu. Umwuka wo mu nyanja utwara uduce twinshi twumunyu twinjira mumyanya mito cyangwa yangiritse, biganisha kuri:

• Kubora

• Kugabanuka kwikingira

• Amashanyarazi arcing cyangwa imiyoboro migufi

Imiyoboro yo hejuru ya marine PV igomba kunyura cyaneibizamini byumunyu nibizamini byo kwibiza, nka:

• IEC 60068-2-11: Kwipimisha umunyu

• IP68-yerekana amaziKubireba Porogaramu

Ibikoresho bya XLPO nibyiza kuko aribyo:

• Gukuramo ubuhehere bukekubera imiterere yimiti itari polar

• Komeza kashe yabo na nyuma yigihe kirekire

• Ntukoroshe cyangwa ngo ugabanuke mubihe bitose

Byongeye kandiguhuza molekileifasha kurwanya kwimuka kwa ion yumunyu, bigatuma bahitamo guhitamo imirasire yizuba yinyanja ninyanja.

Ubushobozi bwo Kurwanya, Fungal, na Ozone

Ibidukikije byo mu nyanja ntibizana umunyu gusa - binatera imbaragagukura kw'ibinyabuzima hamwe na okiside yo mu kirere. Intsinga zikunze kugaragara kuri:

• Fungal spores hamwe na koloni yibumba

• Urwego rwo hejuru rwa ozone (O₃)kubera reaction ya Photochemiki hejuru yinyanja

• Umwanda nka dioxyde de sulfure (SO₂) na aside ya azote (NOₓ)

Ibi birashobora kwangiza insinga zisanzwe za polymeric, bikavamo:

• Kuvunika hejuru no kunyerera

• Gutakaza guhinduka

• Intege nke

Kugira ngo wirinde ibi, insinga za PV zo mu mazi zakozwe na XLPO zigomba kuba zikoreshejwe hamwe na:

• Inyongeramusaruro irwanya indwara

• Ozone irwanya ibice

• Ubuso bworoshye, hydrophobique butesha agaciro fungal

Ibikoresho byiza byo mu nyanja byiza byubahirizaIEC 60068-2-10 (Ikizamini cyo Gukura)kandi urwanye kwangirika kwisi hejuru-ozone ibidukikije, byemezaimikorere ndende n'umutekano.

Intangiriro kubikoresho bya XLPO mumashanyarazi ya Marine PV

Niki Polyolefin Yambukiranya (XLPO)?

Polyolefin yambukiranya imipaka (XLPO) ni polymer kabuhariwe ikoreshwa mugukingira hamwe nibikoresho bya jacket mumigozi yamashanyarazi ikora cyane. Yakozwe na chimique cyangwa physique ihuza iminyururu ya polyolefine (mubisanzwe polyethylene cyangwa polypropilene), ikora aimiyoboro itatu-yimikorere.

Iyi miterere itanga ibikoresho bya XLPO ibyiza byinshi byo gukora:

• Ubushyuhe bukabije

• Kurwanya imiti n’amazi meza

• Imbaraga zo mu rwego rwo hejuru

• Umwotsi muke nibiranga halogene

Mubikoresho bya kabili ya marine, XLPO ikora byombiimbere yimbere hamwe nicyatsi cyo hanze, gutanga igisubizo kimwe-cyoroshye cyoroshya inganda mugihe uzamura imikorere yibidukikije.

Guhuza-bikorwa bisanzwe bikorwa binyuze:

• Irrasiyoya (e-beam) guhuza

• Imiti ya peroxide ihuza

• Gushushanya Silane hamwe no gukiza

Buri buryo butanga impamyabumenyi zitandukanye zuzuzanya, zemerera injeniyeri kudoda ibikoresho bya XLPO kubikorwa byihariye - nko guhinduka, imbaraga, cyangwa kurwanya ruswa.

Impamvu Halogen-Yubusa XLPO ikunzwe kuruta ibikoresho gakondo

Ibikoresho bya kabili gakondo nkaRubber ya PVC cyangwa chlorinebitera ibibazo byinshi mubidukikije byo mu nyanja:

• Kurwanya nabi UV n'umunyu

• Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere iyo bitwitse

• Guhumanya ibidukikije biva muri halogene

• Ihinduka rito nyuma yo gusiganwa ku magare

Halogen-yubusa XLPO itanga ubundi buryo burambye kandi bukora cyane:

Umutekano wibidukikije wa XLPO ni urufunguzo rwo kugurisha muriuturere two kubungabunga inyanja hamwe nimishinga yemewe yingufu, aho kugenzura kugenzura gukomeye.

Ibidukikije n’umutekano Ibyiza bya XLPO

Usibye imiterere yubukanishi nubumashini, XLPO igira uruhare mugarikuramba hamwe numwirondoro wumutekanoyo mu nyanja ya PV:

• Umwuka muke: Ibyingenzi mugihe habaye umuriro murubuga rwo hanze cyangwa hafi yinkombe.

• Zero halogen irekura: Irinda gushiraho imyuka yangiza kandi yubumara nka HCl mugihe cyo gutwikwa.

• Ubushyuhe bukabije: Kugabanya ikwirakwizwa ryumuriro, kuzamura umutekano muri rusange.

Byongeye, byinshi XLPO ikora ubuSHAKA na RoHS byujuje ibisabwa, guhuza n'amabwiriza mpuzamahanga y’ibidukikije no kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima bwubuzima.

Ibi bituma XLPO itaba igisubizo cya tekiniki gusa ahubwo aguhitamo ibikoreshokuri guverinoma n'ibigo by'ingufu bishyira imbereImikorere ya ESG (Ibidukikije, Imibereho, Imiyoborere)mumishinga yabo yingufu zishobora kubaho.

Ibiranga imikorere ya Marine-Grade XLPO

Kubura umuriro hamwe no gusohora umwotsi muke

Umutekano wumuriro nigitekerezo cyingenzi mubidukikije byo mu nyanja. Bitandukanye na sisitemu yo ku isi ya PV, aho gukwirakwiza ikirere bigabanya imyotsi,imirasire y'izuba ireremba hejuru y'amaziirashobora kwibonera:

• Gutinda gutabara byihutirwa

• Guhumeka kugarukira (cyane cyane muri sisitemu ifunze cyangwa hafi yinkombe)

• Kongera ubushobozi bwo kwangiza ibidukikije byo mu nyanja hafi

Imiyoboro yo mu nyanja ya XLPO yagenewe kubaumwotsi muke na halogen-flame retardant (LSZH). Ibi bivuze ko:

• Irinde gutwikwamunsi yumutwaro mwinshi

• Kuzimyaiyo inkomoko yumuriro ikuweho

• Kora umwotsi muke, kunoza kugaragara mugihe cyihutirwa

• Ntusohora imyuka ya halogene, kwirinda ibicuruzwa byangiza cyangwa uburozi

Ibiranga byemejwe binyuze mubipimo nka:

• IEC 60332-1 na IEC 60332-3: Ikizamini cyo gukwirakwiza umuriro

• EN 61034-2: Gupima ubucucike bw'umwotsi

• IEC 60754: Gazi ya aside ya Halogene hamwe nubushobozi

Gukoresha insinga za XLPO hamwe nimpamyabumenyi bifasha kwemeza komubintu bidasanzwe byumuriro, ibikorwa remezo bya kabili:

• Kugabanya ibyangiritse

• Shyigikira igisubizo cyihutirwa

• Irinda abakozi n’ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja kwirinda imyuka yangiza

UV Ihamye hamwe no gusaza

Imirasire ya UV irakomeye cyane hejuru y’amazi, kuberaizuba riva hamwe no kwerekana urumuri ruva mu nyanja, bivamokwihuta kwifoto-gutesha agaciroy'ibikoresho bitarinzwe neza.

Marine-XLPO irusha abandi iyi domeni kuko:

• Harimo UV inhibitorna stabilisateur muri matrix ya polymer

• Ikomezaibara, guhinduka, n'imbaraga za mashinina nyuma yo kumara igihe kinini

• Imurikagurishanta buso buturika cyangwa ubwitonzikumyaka irenga 20+ mubizamini byihuse byikirere

Ibipimo by'ibizamini bikoreshwa mu kwemeza ibi birimo:

• ISO 4892-2: Ikirere

• ASTM G154: Kwigana UV kwigana

Imibare yo mumirima yizuba yinyanja yemeza ko ibyatsi bya XLPO byateguwe neza bigumana90-95% byimiterere yumubiri na dielectricna nyuma yimyaka icumi yumurimo, iruta ibikoresho gakondo nka PVC cyangwa reberi isanzwe.

Ibiigihe kirekire UV irwanyani urufunguzo rwo gukomeza imikorere ya kabili hamwe nuburanga muri sisitemu ya PV ireremba iherereye mu turere dushyuha, mu butayu, no mu butumburuke buri hejuru y’inyanja.

Imbaraga za mashini munsi ya Stress ndende

Sisitemu ya PV yo mu mazi ihura nuburyo bukomezaguhangayikaKuva:

• Umuhengeri

• Umuyaga uterwa n'umuyaga

• Sisitemu yimikorere

• Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe no kugabanuka

Intsinga zashyizwe muri sisitemu zireremba zigomba kwakira imbaraga zunama, guhindagurika, nimbaraga za torsional nta:

• Kurira

• Kumena

• Kumeneka kw'abayobora

• Ikoti

Umugozi wo mu nyanja XLPO utanga:

• Imbaraga ndende kandi ndende

• Kurwanya ingaruka nziza, ndetse no muri sub-zeru cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi

• Kurwanya abrasion birenze, kurinda umugozi mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho no gukora igihe kirekire

Iyi mitungo igeragezwa ukoresheje:

• IEC 60811-506: Ingaruka yikizamini ku bushyuhe buke

• IEC 60811-501: Ibizamini bya Tensile no kuramba mbere na nyuma yo gusaza

• IEC 60811-507: Kugerageza ibizamini

Igisubizo? Umugozi udashobora kubaho mu nyanja gusa - uratera imbere muri bo.

Ba injeniyeri barashobora gushiraho insinga kuriurubuga rureremba, amazi yo mumazi, cyangwa risque yorohejehamwe nicyizere, kumenya ikoti hamwe na insulation bizakomeza ubunyangamugayo mumyaka mirongo ikoreshwa.

Ikirere cyumunyu hamwe na tekinoroji yo kurwanya ruswa

Imikorere ya XLPO munsi yikizamini cyumunyu

Kwipimisha umunyu nuburyo busanzwe bwo kwiganaruswa yo mu kirere. Yigana ingaruka zumwuka wuzuye umunyu mugihe, ugasuzuma uburyo insinga irwanya:

• Umuyoboro wa okiside

• Kwangirika kw'icyatsi

• Gutakaza imikorere y'amashanyarazi

Ibikoresho byo mu nyanja ya XLPO bisanzwe bikorerwa:

• IEC 60068-2-11: Gupima umunyu wibanze

• IEC 60502-1 Umugereka E.: Isuzuma ryo kurwanya ruswa

Muri ibi bizamini, insinga za XLPO:

• Erekananta bisebe, guturika, cyangwa ibimenyetso bya ruswahejuru

• KomezaKurwanya insulation mubisobanuro byumwimerere

• Erekananta mashanyarazi yamenekanyuma yo kwaguka

Ibisubizo bituma XLPO imwe mubikoresho birwanya ruswa cyane insinga za Photovoltaque zagenewe hafi yinyanja cyangwa inyanja.

Kugereranya na PVC na Rubber-Bishingiye

Mugihe PVC nibikoresho bishingiye kuri reberi byakoreshejwe cyane mubikorwa bisanzwe byizuba ninganda, bokugwa mugihe cyimiterere yinyanja:

PVC ihinduka gucika munsi ya UV igaragara kandi igacika mugihe. Ibikoresho bya reberi, nubwo byoroshye,gukuramo ubuhehere no kubyimba, biganisha ku kwangirika.

XLPO, bitandukanye, ikomeza abutajegajega, bwangiza amazikandi itangaimbaraga ndende za dielectric-Gukora neza kubora kwangirika kwaUV + umunyu + ubuhehere.

Amashanyarazi maremare maremare

Igipimo nyacyo cyibikoresho bya kabili mubidukikije byo mu nyanja ntabwo ari uburyo ikora muri laboratoire - ahubwo ni uburyo yihanganira10, 15, cyangwa imyaka 25munsi yo guhangayika.

Amashanyarazi ahamye yerekana ubushobozi bwibikoresho kuri:

• Irinde kwimuka kwa ionic

• Komeza kwitwara neza

• Irinde kwangirika imbere cyangwa kunanirwa kwa dielectric

XLPOimiterere ihuza imiterereikora nk'inzitizi yo kugenda kwa ionic no kwinjiza amazi. Iyi miterere irinda ishingwa ryainzira yo kuyoboraibyo bishobora kuganisha ku gice, gusohora, cyangwa gusenyuka.

Nkigisubizo:

• Imbaraga zo kumeneka imbaraga ziguma zihamye

• Abayobora ntibabora imbere

• Imikorere ya EMI ikingira hamwe nubutaka irabitswe

Muri sisitemu ya PV ireremba, aho gutsindira insinga bihenze kandi bigahungabanya, iyiamashanyaraziyongeraho agaciro gakomeye-kugabanya guhagarika serivisi, amafaranga yo kubungabunga, hamwe na garanti.

Ubushobozi bwo Kurwanya Amazi nubushobozi bwo Kurohama

Ibipimo byo Kurinda Amazi (urugero, IP68)

Kumugozi wa Photovoltaque ukorera mubidukikije byo mu nyanja,kurwanya amazi yuzuyeni ngombwa. Sisitemu yinyanja ya PV ikunze kwibonera:

• Kwibiza igice cyangwa byuzuye

• Kumeneka kumuraba cyangwa imvura

• Ihindagurika riturutse ku ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe

Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, insinga zo mu nyanja zigomba guhura cyaneKurinda Ingress (IP)amanota - byumwiharikoIP68, yemeza ko umugozi:

• Ni umukungugu rwose

• Irashobora kwihanganirakwibiza mu mazikurenga metero 1 z'uburebure mugihe kirekire

Intsinga ya XLPO ikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya PV ireremba yagenewe kurenga iki gipimo. Ibiranga harimo:

• Kabirikurinda imashini nubushuhe

• Bihambiriye cyane guhuza polymersirwanya molekile y'amazi

• Ihuza rya nyuma rifunzebirinda capillary ibikorwa cyangwa seepage

Hamwe nuburinzi, umugozi urakomezaimiterere ihamye ya dielectric hamwe no kurwanya abayobora, na nyuma yimyaka yo gutose.

Ubuhanga bwo gufunga uburyo bwa kabili hamwe no gushushanya ikoti

Kurwanya amazi mu nsinga ntabwo ari ibintu byo hanze -uko umugozi wubatswe ukarangirani ngombwa. Ibishushanyo mbonera byingenzi birimo:

• Gusohora nezaya jacket ya XLPO kugirango ikureho microscopique

• Imashini ifunga amazi cyangwa gelesgukumira kwimuka kwamazi kumurongo

• Ibishushanyo mbonera byoroheje hamwe na kasheihuriro

Ababikora nabo bapima insinga zo mu nyanja bakoresheje:

• Ikizamini cya Hydrostatike

• Kwigana kumara igihe kinini

• Kugerageza imbaraga za dielectric nyuma yo kwibizwa

Igisubizo ni sisitemu ya kabili idashobora kurokoka amazi gusa - iratera imberekurengerwa cyangwa gusenyuka-ibidukikije, kwemeza imikorere yizewe kureremba izuba, marine buoys, hamwe na dock ishingiye kuri PV.

Inyigo Yakozwe Kumashanyarazi Yumudugudu

Mubikorwa nyabyo-isi, insinga zo mu nyanja XLPO zagaragaje agaciro kazo. Ingero zimwe zigaragara zirimo:

• Sisitemu yo mu Bushinwa ireremba PV (2022)
  Uyu mushinga woherejwe hejuru y’amazi y’amazi hafi y’inyanja, umushinga wakoresheje insinga za XLPO zashizwe mu mazi mu gice cyumwaka. Nyuma y'amezi 12, ibizamini byerekanwenta gutesha agaciro, hamwe no kurwanya insulation byakomejehejuru ya 1.0 × 10¹⁵ Ω · cm.

• Ubuholandi Offshore Solar Testbed (2021)
  Umugozi wa XLPO wihanganiye UV guhura no kwibiza mumezi 18. Isesengura nyuma yumushinga ryemejweubunyangamugayo, hamwe no kurwanya insulation ntibyari byagabanutseho hejuru ya 3%.

• Ikigega cya PV cyo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya (2023)
  Mubihe bishyuha hamwe nimvura ya buri munsi nubushuhe bukabije, insinga za XLPO zabungabunzweamazi ya zeru, kwerekanabirwanya kurwanya mikorobe no gukura kwa jacket.

Izi nyigisho zishimangira uruhare rwa XLPO nka aigisubizo cyizewe kubidukikije byamazi aremereye, gutanga igihe kirekire no kwizerwa aho ibikoresho gakondo binanirwa.

Kurwanya Amagare n’ibidukikije

Ubushyuhe Buke-Buke Buzenguruka

Ibikoresho byo mu mazi byo mu mazi birashirwahoihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe burigihe, ntabwo buri munsi, ariko ibihe byigihe. Mu turere dushyuha, insinga zirashobora kuzunguruka hagati35 ° C ubushyuhe bwo ku manywa na 15 ° C nijoro bikonje. Mu turere dushyuha cyangwa imisozi miremire, iyi ntera irashobora kuba yagutse-kuva-20 ° C kugeza kuri 60 ° C.mu cyumweru kimwe.

Amagare yubushyuhe arashobora gutera:

• Kwaguka no kugabanuka umunaniro

• Micro-crack in insulation

• Gutakaza ubunyangamugayo bwa dielectric

• Shimangira kubihuza hamwe

Ibikoresho byo mu nyanja ya XLPO byakozwe na hamweihindagurika ryinshi hamwe na coefficient zo kwagura ubushyuhe buke, kwemeza ko:

• Irinde guturika no gukuramo ikoti

• Komeza gushikama

• Komeza intangiriro-iyobora guhuza no gukingira

Iyi mitungo yemewe hakoreshejwe ibizamini nka:

• IEC 60811-506 (Ingaruka y'ubukonje)

• IEC 60811-507 (Kongera ubushyuhe no kugabanuka)

• Icyumba cyihuta cyamagare yicyumba (ISO 16750)

Nyuma ya 3000+ yigana ubushyuhe bwumuriro, insinga zo murwego rwo hejuru XLPO zigumanahejuru ya 95% yumwimerere wumwimerere hamwe nubukanishi, kubigira byiza kumiterere yinyanja.

Kurwanya Kwaguka, Kwikuramo, no Kuvunika

Kurenga kwaguka kwubushyuhe bwibanze, insinga nazo zigomba kurwanyaumunaniro wa mashini uturutse kumaganya ya cycle-Harimo kugenda-guterwa n'umuhengeri, guhinduranya inanga, no kunyeganyega.

Ikoti ya kabili ya XLPO yagenewe:

• Ihindagurika nta mananizahejuru y'ibihumbi n'ibihumbi

• Absorb impagarara zidashwanyaguje

• Irinde guhangayika kwera no kurira mikoro

Ubu busugire bwubukanishi busobanurwa muri:

• Ubuzima burebure

• Amakosa make no guhagarara

• Amafaranga yo kubungabunga make

Mugupima laboratoire, insinga za XLPO zerekanwebiruta kurwanya ibizamini bya dinamike, gukomeza guhinduka nyuma10,000+ cycle cycle-Ibipimo bindi bikoresho bike birashobora guhuza mubikorwa bya marine.

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya XLPO

Gusaza k'ubushuhe bivugagutesha agaciro igihe kirekire ibikoresho bya kabilimunsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kwigana ubuzima busanzwe mugihe cyo gukoresha umurima. Ku nsinga zo mu nyanja XLPO, ibizamini byo gusaza birimo:

• Amasaha 20.000 kuri 120 ° C.mu ziko ryihuse

• Gukurikirana imbaraga zingana no kurambura kuruhuka

• Ibipimo byo kurwanya insulation mugihe gito

Ibisubizo bihora byerekana ko XLPO:

• Gutsindwamunsi ya 10% imbaraga zingutumugihe cyo gusaza

• Ikomezakurambura agaciro hejuru ya 150%, kwemeza guhinduka

• Inararibonyeamabara make azimye cyangwa ikoti ikomera

Uku kurwanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro byemeza ko insinga zigumahoumutekano, birashoboka, kandi ukora cyane mumyaka 25+, guhura cyangwa kurenza igihe cya garanti kumishinga myinshi ya PV.

Kuramba no kubungabunga ibidukikije

Kutagira uburozi mu gutwikwa

Imwe mu ngaruka zikomeye z’ibidukikije zijyanye nibikoresho gakondo - cyane cyane bishingiye kuri PVC cyangwa reberi ya halogene - ni ibyaboimyitwarire yuburozi iyo yatwitse. Mugihe habaye umuriro cyangwa kumuriro, ibyo bikoresho birashobora kurekura:

• Hydrogen chloride (HCl) gaze

• Dioxine na furans

• Acide yangirika yangiza ibikoresho biri hafi

• Umwotsi wuburozi wangiza ubuzima bwinyanja nabasubiza bwa mbere

Ibinyuranye, urwego-rwohejuruIbikoresho bya kabili ya XLPO nta halogene irimo umwotsi muke, kwemeza ko no mubihe bibi cyane, gutwikwa bitanga:

• Nta aside ya halogene

• Umwotsi muto

• Nta bisigazwa biremereye bishingiye ku byuma

Ibi biranga ni ngombwa cyane muriuturere two kubungabunga inyanja, ibyubatswe ku nkombe hafi y’ahantu hatuwe, cyangwa ku mbuga za Hybrid zivanze aho umutekano n’iterambere rirambye bigomba kubana.

Kubahiriza amahame yisi yose nka:

• EN 50267-2-1(imyuka ya aside)

• EN 61034-2(umwotsi utagaragara)

• IEC 60754-1 na -2(gupima gaze mugihe cyo gutwikwa)

… Iremeza ko insinga za XLPOkuzuza amabwiriza y’ibidukikijekandi urinde urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima hamwe n'abashinzwe ibikorwa bya marine.

Inyungu ya Halogen

Intsinga ya Halogen idafite XLPO ntabwo itekanye gusa iyo yatwitse-nayokubungabunga ibidukikije mubuzima bwabo bwose. Inyungu z'ingenzi zirimo:

• Kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirikamumashanyarazi hamwe nibice byicyuma bitewe na zeru chlorine cyangwa bromine

• Ingaruka zo ku bidukikijemugihe cyo gukora no kujugunya

• Kunoza umutekano w'abakozimugihe cyo gushiraho insinga, gukata, no gukora

Mumiterere yinyanja, aho insinga zashizwemourusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi, ibikoresho bya halogene birinda kumena ibisigazwa byuburozi bishobora kugira ingaruka:

• Ubwiza bw'amazi

• Korali ref cyangwa ubuzima bwibimera byo ku nkombe

• Amafi na crustaceans muri zone y’amafi

Ibi bituma XLPO ihitamo neza kubateza imbere ibidukikije, ibikorwa rusange, na leta ziteza imbereibikorwa remezo by’ingufu zishobora kubahohejuru y'inyanja cyangwa hafi yayo.

Guhuza Ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja

Hamwe no gukura kwizuba rireremba,kwishyira hamwe nintego zinyamanswa zinyanjairimo kwiyongera. Imishinga imwe-itekereza imbere niyo ikoresha PV ireremba hejuru:

• Kubana hamwe n'akazu k'amafi

• Kora uturere dufite igicucu cyo gukura kwa algae

• Shiraho aho inyoni cyangwa amafi aba munsi yububiko

Kugirango dushyigikire guhuza ibidukikije, insinga zigomba:

• Irinde kwangiza imiti yangiza

• Irinde mikorobe ya biofouling utarekuye uburozi

• Komeza kutagira aho ubogamiye pH n'amazi yumunyu

Umugozi wo mu nyanja XLPO, hamwe na stabilite, inert polymer chimie nimyitwarire idafite uburozi, ni akaremano ikwiranye na sisitemu yingufu-ibidukikije.

Inyungu ndende zirimo:

• Kugabanya ibidukikije byemerera gutinda

• Gufatanya nabafatanyabikorwa beza hamwe nabaturage bo ku nkombe

• Kwihangana gukomeye imbere y amategeko agenga kurengera inyanja

Imikorere-Isi Porogaramu na Kohereza

Inyigo Yaturutse Kumishinga ya PV ninyanja

1. Umushinga wo kureremba PV - Intara ya Shandong, Ubushinwa (2022)
Uyu mushinga uherereye mu gishanga cyumunyu hafi yinyanja yumuhondo, uyu mushinga wasabye insinga zikomeye zo gukoraumunyu mwinshi hamwe numwuzure wigihe. Umugozi wa PV ushingiye kuri XLPO watoranijwe kugirango wirinde amazi no kutagira umuriro. Gukurikirana imikorere nyuma y'amezi 12 yerekanwenta gutesha agaciro mukurwanya insulation, n'abahuza bakomeje kutagira ruswa.

2. Offshore Solar Pilote - Ubuholandi (2021)
Mu igeragezwa ryibanze ku nyanja y'Amajyaruguru, abajenjeri bagerageje insinga zo mu nyanja zo mu bwoko bwa XLPO ku bikoresho gakondo. Gusa insinga za XLPO zanyuze zosegutera umunyu, kwibiza, hamwe na UV irwanya ibizamini, gukomeza gukora nta makosa mumuyaga mwinshi hamwe nibidukikije.

3. Ibigega bishingiye ku bigega Hybrid PV-Ubworozi bw'amafi - Indoneziya (2023)
Umugozi wa XLPO wakoreshaga ubworozi bw'amafi avanze hamwe n'izuba rireremba ku kigega gishyuha. Ibyaboimiterere ya biostatikekugabanya algae kwiyubaka, kugabanya isuku no kuyitaho. Ibitekerezo byatanzwe nitsinda ryibikorwa byagaragaje ibyabokoroshya kwishyiriraho no kuramba mubihe bitose, bishyushye.

Izi ngero zerekana uburyoumurima-wapimwe XLPO ya tekinoroji ya marine ituma izuba rirambye, ryizewemubihe nyaburanga byo mu nyanja.

Kugereranya Ubuzima bwa Sisitemu hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye bya Cable

Iyo uhisemo ibikoresho bya kabili, imikorere yigihe kirekire ya sisitemu irakomeye. Reka tugereranye igihe cyateganijwe cyo kubaho muburyo bwa kabili mumiterere ya marine PV:

Uburebure burebure cyane bwibikoresho bya XLPO bigabanya:

• Amafaranga yo gusimbuza

• Isaha yo hasi kubera kunanirwa kwinsinga

• Gufata neza imirimo n'ibikoresho

Kuramba nabyo bisobanuramunsi Urwego Rurwego Rwamashanyarazi (LCOE)kubikorwa bya PV bireremba-kubafasha guhangana neza na sisitemu ishingiye kubutaka.

Garuka ku ishoramari riva mu kunoza insinga zizewe

Mugihe insinga zo mu nyanja XLPO zishobora gutwara ahejuru cyane igiciro cyo hejuru, ROI yabo yazamuwe na:

• Sisitemu nkeya

• Kugabanya ubutumwa bwo gusana (cyane cyane offshore)

• Igihe kinini cya garanti

• Amagambo meza yubwishingizi kubera kugabanuka kwumuriro / ruswa

Kubikoresho bifasha-izuba rireremba (10 MW +), kuzigama kwa O&M kuzigama birashobora kugeraibihumbi icumi by'amadolari buri mwaka. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga nyinshi zo hejuru ziriyongeraibiryo byinjira-byinjira or Ingwate yo gutanga PPA, gushora imari mumigozi ya XLPO ntabwo ari tekiniki gusa - arikoingamba zubukungu.

Udushya hamwe nicyerekezo kizaza

Nanocoatings yo Kurinda Ruswa

Mugihe ibikoresho bya XLPO bimaze gutanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, ejo hazaza h’ikoranabuhanga rya kabili ya PV iriUbuso butandukanyezitanga urwego rwuburinzi. Kimwe mu bintu bishimishije muri uyu mwanya ni iterambere ryananocoatings, ikoresha firime-nini ya firime kugirango itezimbere:

• Hydrophobicity(yirukana amazi n'umunyu)

• Kurwanya mikorobe no kurwanya ibinyabuzima

• UV guhagarika kurwego rwa polymer

Iyi nanocoatings ikorwa kuva:

• Ibikoresho bishingiye kuri Silane

• Fluoropolymers

• Graphene-yashizwemo na polymer

Iyo ushyizwe mu ikoti rya XLPO, nanocoatings irashobora kwagura ubuzima bwa kabili na:

• Kurinda umunyu

• Kugabanya kwangirika kwubutaka

• Gukora isuku no kuyitaho byoroshye

Gahunda nyinshi zubushakashatsi mu Burayi no muri Aziya zirimo kugeragezakwikiza, ihita ikuraho micro-crack mbere yuko amazi yinjira - kurushaho kunoza ubushobozi bwinsinga mugukoresha marine.

Ubuhanga bwa Cable Technologies (Kwisuzumisha, Sensors)

Undi mipaka muri marine PV ihindagurika ni uguhuza kwatekinoroji yubwengemubikorwa remezo. Ibi birimo:

• Ibyuma byerekana ubushyuhe

• Ikurikiranabikorwa ryokwirinda

• Amashanyarazi yamenetse

• Digital twin moderi yo kwerekana ibyateganijwe

Ibiranga bifasha abashoramari:

• Kurikirana kure ubuzima bwumugozi

• Akira imenyesha mbere yo gutsindwa

• Hindura uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza imitwaro kugirango wongere igihe cyo kubaho

• Kora igenzura ridahwitse

Kuri sisitemu ya PV ireremba-cyane cyane kure yinkombe cyangwa mubigo bigoye kugera-ibigega-sisitemu ya kabili irashoborauzigame amagana-man-buri mwakano kuzamura umutekano cyane.

Hamwe na XLPO yo kwihangana kumubiri, tekinoroji itanga aigisubizo cyizewe kandi cyubwenge cabling igisubizoku gisekuru kizaza cy'ibikorwa remezo by'izuba.

Kwishyira hamwe hamwe na platform ya Smart Floating PV

Mugihe izuba rireremba ubwabyo bigenda bitera imbere-byerekana:

• Kwiyobora

• Ubunini bwa modular

• Kubika ingufu zose

Uruhare rwinsinga ruba rugoye kandi rusaba. Intsinga ntigomba gukora gusa amashanyarazi ariko nanone:

• Inkungaitumanaho ryamakuru

• Kwishyira hamwemodular icomeka-na-ikinamico

• Emereraguterana vuba / gusenya

Kazoza-yiteguye marine-XLPO insinga zirimo gutegurwa hamwe:

• Ubwubatsi bwinshi

• Guhuza fibre optique

• Imbere-yarangije guhuza kugirango yoherejwe vuba

Ubu buryo bukomatanyije bugabanya igihe cyo kwishyiriraho, inkungasisitemu igenzura, kandi igahuza nisi yose iganasisitemu, AI ikoreshwa na sisitemu yingufu zishobora kuvugururwa.

Umusanzu wumushinga mubikorwa byo mu nyanja ya Cable

Imbaraga ziterambere mubikorwa byubwubatsi

Abakora imiyoboro ya kabili bayobora bashora imari cyaneubushakashatsi bwa polymerguteza imbere ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira ibyifuzo bikabije bya sisitemu ya PV. Izi mbaraga zibanda kuri:

• Gutunganya tekinike yo guhuzakugirango bihamye

• Kuvanga bio-ishingiye kuri polymerskuramba

• Gutegura hasi-gufatira hejurukurwanya ikibi

Ibikoresho nka XLPO-UV-M (XLPO yo mu nyanja ifite imbaraga zo kurinda UV) hamwe na XLPO-FR-O (byashyizwe mu majwi no kurwanya amavuta) bimaze gukoreshwa mu mishinga minini.

Ababikora bakora kandi R&D ikorana na kaminuza hamwe na laboratoire yo gupima kugirango yemeze imikorere mugihe cyo gusaza kwinyanja, ibinyabuzima, hamwe na ruswa.

Kwipimisha no Kwemeza Imikorere ya Marine-Grade

Kugirango isi yose yemerwe n’umutekano, abayikora ubu bahuza itangwa ryabo rya marine hamwe na:

• DNV GL na Biro Veritas marine

• IEC 62930 (kuri insinga za PV mubihe bikabije)

• ISO / IEC 17025 yemewe na laboratoire

Bamwe ndetse bakorerwa isuzuma ry-igice cya gatatu cyibidukikije kugirango berekaneuburozi buke no kongera gukoreshwa, gufasha imishinga yujuje ibisabwainkunga yicyatsi cyangwa inguzanyo ya karubone.

Izi mpamyabumenyi zitezimbere ikizere mubateza imbere nabashinzwe kugenzura, bigatanga inzirakwaguka mpuzamahanga kwaguka PVukoresheje insinga zisanzwe, zikora cyane-marine-insinga.

Ubufatanye hamwe na Floating PV Sisitemu Yuzuza

Usibye iterambere ryibintu, abatunganya insinga baragenda bakorana amaboko hamwe:

• Abashushanya

• Abakora module

• Abashoramari ba EPC

… GutangaTurnkey marine PV ibisubizobihuye na sisitemu yihariye ya geometrike, ingamba zifatika, hamwe nimbaraga zamashanyarazi.

Uku guhuza guhagaritse kwemeza:

• Imiyoboro ya kabili ikoreshwa neza

• Byabanje kwemezwa gucomeka no gukina ibikoresho

• Igihe gito cyo kwishyiriraho nigiciro

Ubwo bufatanye bwihutisha kohereza izuba ry’amazi no gutera imbereSisitemu-Imikorere, gushiraho insinga nkibigize gusa - arikoingamba zifasha zo kureremba PV gutsinda.

Umwanzuro: Kubaka Ibikorwa Remezo biramba bya PV ku nyanja

Inshamake y'inyungu za XLPO mugukoresha inyanja

Mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja bitababarira, aho amazi yumunyu, izuba, umuyaga, nibikorwa byibinyabuzima bihurira, gusa ibikoresho bikomeye birarokoka. XLPO yerekanye ko arizahabu isanzwe ya insinga zidashobora kwangirika, ituro:

• Amazi meza hamwe numunyu birwanya igihu

• Indashyikirwa za UV hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro

• Umutekano wa Halogen, umutekano wumuriro

• Imbaraga za mashini hamwe nigihe kirekire cyo kwizerwa

• Guhuza n'ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije

Akamaro k'Ingamba zo Kwangirika-Kurwanya insinga

Intsinga zirasa nkigice gito cyizuba ryizuba, ariko muri marine marine, ni aihuriro rikomeye mumurongo. Kunanirwa umugozi umwe birashobora kuganisha kuri:

• Gutakaza ingufu za sisitemu

• Inshingano zihenze zo kubungabunga

• Kwangirika kwicyubahiro mumishinga yingufu zicyatsi

Gushora imari mu nsinga zifite ubuziranenge, zirwanya ruswa nka XLPO zishingiye ku nsinga za PV zo mu nyanja ntabwo ari injeniyeri nziza-niubucuruzi bwubwenge.

Bashoboza:

• Sisitemu yo hejuru

• Igihe kirekire cya garanti

• Hasi igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite (TCO)

Kandi cyane cyane,icyizeremubushobozi bwa sisitemu kwihanganira ibibazo bikaze bya kamere.

Icyerekezo cyanyuma kuri Marine PV Gukura no guhanga udushya

Mugihe ibihugu bihindukirira inyanja kugirango bigere ku ntego z’ingufu zishobora kubaho,marine Photovoltaics izagira uruhare rusobanuramu nzibacyuho ku isi. Hamwe nudushya mubikoresho bya kabili, kugenzura ubwenge, no gushushanya, inzira igana imbere irasobanutse.

Ikoranabuhanga rya kabili XLPO ya tekinoroji nintabwo biteguye ejo hazaza-barabiteguye.

Ibibazo

Q1: Niki gituma insinga za PV zo mu nyanja zitandukanye ninsinga zisanzwe za PV?
Umugozi wa PV wo mu nyanja wakozwe kugirango uhangane n’amazi yumunyu, UV, ubushuhe, n’ibinyabuzima byangiza. Zitanga izisumbabyose, kurwanya ruswa, hamwe nigihe kirekire mubidukikije bikaze.

Q2: Kuki XLPO ikunzwe kuruta PVC murwego rwo hejuru yinyanja ya PV?
XLPO idafite halogene, ifite UV irwanya amazi menshi, kandi itanga ubushyuhe bwiza nubukanishi. PVC ihinduka ibice, igacika, kandi ikangirika mubihe byinyanja.

Q3: Nigute insinga zikemura ikibazo cyamazi maremare yumunyu?
Ibikoresho bya XLPO byashizweho kugirango bidahinduka kandi birwanya umunyu kwinjira. Hamwe no gufunga ikoti neza, birinda kwinjiza amazi no kwangirika kwabayobora mumyaka 25+.

Q4: Ese insinga za PV zo mu nyanja zangiza ibidukikije?
Yego. XLPO nta halogene, umwotsi muke, kandi ntabwo ari uburozi mu gutwika. Yujuje ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije ku isi kandi ifite umutekano ku bidukikije byo mu nyanja.

Q5: Ni ubuhe buryo buteganijwe kuramba bw'insinga zo mu mazi zo mu nyanja?
Hamwe nogushiraho neza nibikoresho byiza (nka XLPO), insinga za PV zo mumazi zirashobora kumaraImyaka 25 kugeza 30, guhuza cyangwa kurenza ubuzima bwa serivisi ya sisitemu yizuba.